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 楼主| 发表于 2013-4-26 16:48:41 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
作者: 爱尔兰UCD 赖小琪
今天有一个好朋友在QQ上和我说了他最近一件很不幸的事情, 我不知道该怎么安慰他, 只是在静静听他说. 突然他问我: “小琪, 我看你好像天天都很乐观快乐啊? 你肯定也有不高兴的事情吧? 你是怎么排解自己的抑郁的?” 我听了先是呆了一下, 一时不知怎么回答他这个问题. 不过不到半分钟, 我就回复他说: “当你只是一般的不高兴时, 去睡觉; 当你很不高兴甚至是痛心疾首时, 就在自己的房间里大哭一场. 我基本每隔一段时间, 比如说几周或者一个月, 我都会在自己的房间里大哭一场的.” 他听了立即发了一个很惊讶的表情给我, 然后问我: “一个大男人的, 哭多不好看啊?” 我问他:"是啊,所以我叫你在自己的房间里哭啊.你有时是不是很想哭?"他说:"是啊,可是我总是压抑着,很辛苦."
如果一个人想哭,却拼命地压抑着,这是一件非常痛苦的事情.曾几何时,我非常羡慕那些聪慧而且笑容灿烂的人.我当时觉得他们好像没有什么烦恼,生活得非常顺心.然而我这个想法最后被一本杂志里的一段话彻底改变:"那些乐观向上的人很可能经历过我们常人没有经历过的困苦,正是因为经历过了伤痛,所以他们变得更加豁达.他们的笑容是建立在泪水的基础之上的."接着,那篇文章就列举了许多现实生活中活生生的例子,通过主人公自述的方式来向我们展现他们笑容背后的沧桑与不堪.
原来,这世上没有人是完全快乐而毫无痛苦的.不管多么快乐的人,他们也有自己的苦处.有时,甚至表面越是快乐的人,背后越在经受着常人无法体会的痛苦.然而,对于一个真正懂得生活的人来讲,生活的烦恼永远无法扼杀其生活的快乐,因为他懂得,不管前面的路有多难走,他都要坚强的走下去,因为只有走下去才有希望,否则一切就会完结.
但是不管一个人多坚强,在困难突然向他袭来时,他都会感到一定程度的压抑,有时甚至是抑郁难耐.这时候,泪水就是他的法宝.我一直认为,泪水是上天对我们最大的恩赐.有时我会想,要是我们连哭的权利都没有了,我们会变成什么样子.哭在很多人的眼中,都是一个不好的象征.在我们很多人的眼里,哭必定是有不好的事情发生了.然而哭本身并不是不好的,它只是我们对不幸的本能反应,而很多时候,我们对不幸却是无法避免的.比如说一次意外的车祸,一次感情的决裂,一个亲人的病逝......所有的这一切,我们可控的因素相当少,而更多的时候,我们却是在命运的摆布之中.由此看来,哭却是我们的好朋友.当你满怀抑郁悲伤时,如果可以哭出来,那么你的感情就会得到宣泄.哭过以后,你会发现你的内心平静很多,你的思想也清晰很多,你也就会慢慢地重新面对新的生活.因此,表面看来哭是不好的,其实,它却是上苍给我们最好的恩赐,因为它保护了我们的情感.泪水流走了,我们的悲伤也随着泪水而离去,崭新的生活又展现在我们的眼前.
在人前,我很善于掩饰自己的情感.不管我多么不高兴,在亲人朋友面前,我总是可以谈笑自若.这是必须的,除非找到可以倾诉的知心人,否则何必逢人就诉苦?一方面我觉得没有必要把自己的消极情绪带给别人,另一方面我觉得就算说了也没用,反而让倾听者不知如何安慰你而感到无所适从.更有甚者,如果有些人本来就妒忌你,巴不得你死,而你却向他们诉苦,这样无异于让他们更加拍手称快,这又何必呢?但是在人后,我不会掩饰自己的情感.我也不去理会什么"男儿有泪不轻弹"这样的话,我想哭就哭,想流泪就流泪.为什么我们要故意压抑自己的情感?为什么想哭却不敢哭出来?哭泣和流泪就代表一个人懦弱吗?我一点也不觉得.相反,某些时候,我觉得懂得哭泣和流泪的人,才是懂得生活的人,才是内心情感丰富的人.父亲在我的眼中一直是一个坚强的人,坚强到让我觉得有些冰冷,因为他一向表情严肃,不苟言笑.所以在我的心中,我一直觉得他从来不会流泪的.然而2007年,奶奶病重,我匆匆从学校赶回家见她最后一面.回家以后母亲告诉我,当父亲拿到奶奶的体检报告得知她得了绝症时,他居然躲在被子里泣不成声.那一刻,我突然感到,父亲冰冷的表情背后,是一颗感情丰富的心.哭泣中的父亲,在那一刻是显得如此的可爱!
著名台湾作家绮君在<<泪水与珍珠>>中有这么一句话:眼因流多泪水而愈益清明,心因饱经忧患而愈益温厚.其实,流泪过后,清明的又何止是我们的眼睛?我们的心灵和思想同样变得更加清澈与通透.哭得最多的人,并不是最惨的人.而受到的磨难抑郁最多却拼命压抑自己泪水的人,才是最可怜的人,因为他硬生生地拒绝了上苍给予他最可贵的恩赐与权利.人生没有了泪水,是一种很大的缺失.当然,我并不是鼓励大家遇到一点小小的困难就哭得呼天抢地,而是要告诉你们,当你极度压抑而想痛哭时,请放声哭出来吧!
联想电脑曾经有一句广告词是这样的:世界没有了联想将会变得怎样?在这里我也想问一句:我们没有了泪水,将会变得怎样?
Challenges Facing Profit-Making Social Enterprises
While social enterprises can benefit tremendously from making profits, they are also exposed to an array of challenges that need to be paid special attention to by social entrepreneurs. Below are several major potential challenges:
1.        Loss of Social Mission
Many social enterprises, after re-orient itself from non-profit making organizations to profit-making organizations, will probably get addicted to profit making and compromise its social missions. Even worse, some social enterprises may totally discard their social mission and become enchanted to making lump-sum profits. Take YMCA for instance. The association today generates substantial revenues by operating health-and-fitness facilities for middle-class families, but critics charge that the YMCA has lost sight of its mission to promote the "spiritual, mental, and social condition of young men."
2.        Hard to Define the Degree of Profits
Oftentimes it is very difficult for profit-making social enterprises to set the percentage of profits they are going to make out of the revenues. In other words, it is difficult to set up a proper price for the services they provide. For example, if a social enterprise aims to recycle the used laptops and renew them and sell them at to children in poor areas, how much should they ask from those children? The enterprise want to make a profit so as to scale its impact to more regions, but what price should it set for various used laptops to make a reasonable profit without going beyond the poor children’s affordability? What if some children are so poor that they cannot afford the laptops even at a very low price? In essence, it is just a dilemma between making profits and realizing social missions. As Takala and Aadland (2010)  has mentioned, it is hard to establish clear boundaries separating moral values from preferences, since judgment of “right” and “wrong” are entangled with valuing of “pleasant” and “awful”.
3.        Hard to Coordinate the Relationship of Staff
When a profit-making social enterprise recruits some volunteers to fulfill certain social cause, these volunteers, unlike staff in the enterprise, without being paid for their work, may feel unbalanced in their heart. Moreover, when a social enterprise turns profit-making, it may probably need to recruit some professionals who are not social-cause-oriented but money-driven. These professionals, such as marketing or sales elites, may ask for a far higher salary than other committed staff, which may engender psychological unbalance in those low-paid staff who have the same skills and qualifications.
Conclusion
Though profits-making enterprises will encounter a host of challenges throughout their operations, they are indeed enjoying a promising future because they can devote themselves to social well-being while making profits to meet their own needs and scale their impact. For those challenges, every social entrepreneur should work out plans specific to their own business to mitigate or even eliminate them. I strongly believe that with profits-making social enterprise blooming, they can make a greater contribution to our society.
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