6 places where genetically engineered crops are banned
Chipotle has officially become one of the first major restaurant chains to erase genetically modified ingredients from its menus. GMOs, as they’re known, are a source of ongoing debate about their impact on human health.Chipotle成为了首批在菜单中排除转基因原料的大型连锁餐厅之一。正如人们所知，转基因生物对人类健康的影响引发了持续不断的激烈争论。
A GMO is any food product whose genetic material has been tweaked using genetic engineering techniques. This can be done in animals, bacterial, plants and crops. The idea is that altering the DNA can make certain items stronger and more productive. For example, crops are modified to better resist drought, pesticides or insects.
转基因生物是指那些遗传物质被基因工程技术修改过的食物产品。该技术可以在动物、细菌、植物和农作物上实现。它的理念是通过修改脱氧核糖核酸，让特定生物拥有更强的生命力和更高的产量。比如说，转基因作物的抗旱、耐药和防虫能力都更为出色。
GMOs are widespread. Up to 93% of corn, 94% of soybeans and 96% of cotton in the U.S. are genetically altered.
转基因生物非常普遍。在美国，有93%的玉米、94%的大豆和96%的棉花都是转基因作物。
The safety debate rages between one group, which includes manufacturers like Monsanto and some farmers, that say these seeds are scientifically proven to be safe and are irreplaceable due to their hardiness. Others, like the Institute for Responsible Technology, say GMOs are dangerous to human health and lack much government regulation–at least in the U.S.
关于转基因安全问题的争论十分激烈。包括农业生化公司孟山都在内的制造商和一些农民表示：经过科学认证，转基因生物的种子是安全的，而它们的生命力之顽强是无可取代的。而其他一些组织，比如负责任技术研究所，则认为转基因生物威胁了人类健康，缺乏政府管制——至少在美国是如此。
Many other countries and cities, however, have taken action to limit or altogether ban GMOs. Here’s a list of some of the growing number of areas that are limiting the reach of genetically engineered crops.
不过，其他许多国家和城市已经采取了措施来限制甚至完全禁止转基因生物。以下是一些不欢迎转基因作物的地区。还有越来越多地区正在加入这一行列。
Russia
俄罗斯
Russia banned GMOs last year and restricted their import for the next 10 years. Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said Russia has "enough space and opportunities to produce organic food." Russian scientists urged the moratorium in order to thoroughly study GMOs' effects on human health.
俄罗斯在去年禁止种植转基因作物，并将在接下来的10年内限制进口。总理德米特里•梅德韦杰夫表示，俄罗斯还有“足够的空间和机遇来生产有机食品”。俄罗斯科学家力促政府出台这项禁令，以便彻底研究转基因作物对人类健康的影响。
Tuscany, Italy
意大利托斯卡纳区
Tuscany is one of nearly 30 Italian regions and cities that are against the cultivation of GMOs. The decision to restrict genetically altered crops is up to each local or regional council in the country. In the case of Tuscany, the decision to ban GMOs was ratified by the national government. Rome, Milan, Turin, Brescia and Genoa have all banned genetically engineered crops, as well.
意大利有近30个地区和城市禁止栽培转基因作物，托斯卡纳区就是其中之一。在该国，是否决定限制转基因作物，取决于当地或区域政府。不过在托斯卡纳，禁止转基因作物的决定受到了国家政府的批准。罗马、米兰、图灵、布雷西亚和热那亚也都禁止了转基因作物。
Germany (and more EU states)
德国（和更多欧盟国家）
Germany has completely banned certain strains of genetically engineered seeds, including Novartis' Bt maize and Monsanto's MON 810 maize. While there isn't an outright ban on every genetically altered crop nationwide, Germany stopped commercially cultivating GMOs in 2012.
德国完全禁止了特定的一些转基因品种，包括诺华公司的Bt玉米和孟山都的MON 810玉米。尽管德国没有在国内彻底禁止所有转基因作物，却在2012年停止了商用转基因生物的培育。
Other EU nations that have partially or fully restricted GMOs include Austria, France, Luxembourg, Portugal, Greece and Spain. Until January, there was an EU-wide ban on GMOs. That restriction was lifted in favor of allowing national governments to decide on their own restrictions.
其他部分或完全限制转基因生物的欧盟国家还包括奥地利、法国、卢森堡、葡萄牙、希腊和西班牙。在今年1月之前，欧盟全体国家都禁止种植转基因生物。随后禁令被解除，各国政府可以自行决定限制方案。
Philippines
菲律宾
The Philippines Court of Appeals ruled in 2012 that all genetically modified eggplants, known as Bt talong, arebanned from cultivation. While the vegetable never made it to large-scale production, the trials were halted and the plants destroyed. Not long after, nearly 400 protestors smashed the fences around a field in the Bicol region and uprooted genetically modified rice plants. The incidents reveal that the debate over GMO crops has moved beyond first-world nations.
菲律宾上诉法院在2012年规定，禁止种植所有转基因茄子，即所谓的Bt talong。尽管转基因蔬菜从未被大规模种植，但相关试验也被终止，植株遭到了销毁。此后不久，近400名抗议者砸毁了比科尔岛地区农场周围的篱笆，将转基因水稻连根拔起。这一事件显示，关于转基因生物的争论已经波及到了第一世界国家之外。
Saudi Arabia
沙特阿拉伯
Since 2001, Saudi Arabia has labeled food products that contain more than 0.9% genetically engineered ingredients. Three years later, it went on to ban imports of genetically altered seeds. That means the countrydoesn't grow any of its own GMO crops, though does allow imports as long as they are properly labeled.
自2001年起，沙特阿拉伯就给转基因成分含量超过0.9%的产品贴上了标签。3年后，该国开始禁止进口转基因种子。这意味着沙特阿拉伯自身并不种植任何转基因作物，尽管该国还允许进口该类产品，只要它们有正确的标识。
asmania, Australia
澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛
The island state off the southern coast of Australia indefinitely extended its moratorium on genetically modified crops at the beginning of last year. It is the only Australian state to have a blanket ban on GMOs, though it does allow exemptions for certain scientific trials of modified crops. Other areas, including South Australia, have short-term bans or restrictions on GMOs.
这个澳大利亚南部海岸之外的岛州从去年年初开始，无限期地叫停了转基因作物。这是澳大利亚唯一一个全面禁止转基因生物的州，不过他们对特定转基因作物的科学试验网开一面。澳大利亚的其他地区，包括南澳大利亚州，都对转基因生物有短期的禁止或限制。
全文阅读>>>
页:
[1]